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India

74 series · 1800–2025 · Lower middle income · South Asia

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National accounts

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Nominal GDPMillions of local currencynGDP1870–2025353,500,000 (2025)
Nominal GDP (USD)Millions of US dollarsnGDP_USD1870–20254,055,283 (2025)
Real GDPMillions of local currencyrGDP1850–2025241,900,000 (2025)
Real GDP per capitaConstant local currency per personrGDP_pc1850–2025171,050 (2025)
Real GDP (USD)Millions of US dollarsrGDP_USD1872–20253,769,202 (2025)
DeflatorIndex, 2015 = 100deflator1872–2025146.1 (2025)
Real GDP per capita (USD)US dollars per personrGDP_pc_USD1872–20252,665 (2025)

Consumption and investment

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Total consumptionMillions of local currencycons1950–2025251,000,000 (2025)
Total consumption (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcons_GDP1950–202571.0 (2025)
Total consumption (USD)Millions of US dollarscons_USD1950–20252,880,032 (2025)
Household consumptionMillions of local currencyhcons1950–2025216,000,000 (2025)
Household consumption (% of GDP)Percent of GDPhcons_GDP1950–202561.1 (2025)
Household consumption (USD)Millions of US dollarshcons_USD1950–20252,477,708 (2025)
Government consumptionMillions of local currencygcons1950–202535,750,236 (2025)
Government consumption (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgcons_GDP1950–202510.1 (2025)
Government consumption (USD)Millions of US dollarsgcons_USD1950–2025410,139 (2025)
Gross capital formationMillions of local currencyinv1950–2025119,100,000 (2025)
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)Percent of GDPinv_GDP1950–202533.7 (2025)
Gross capital formation (USD)Millions of US dollarsinv_USD1950–20251,366,372 (2025)
Gross fixed capital formationMillions of local currencyfinv1950–2025107,400,000 (2025)
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)Percent of GDPfinv_GDP1950–202530.4 (2025)
Gross fixed capital formation (USD)Millions of US dollarsfinv_USD1950–20251,232,422 (2025)

External sector

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
ExportsMillions of local currencyexports1823–202575,828,872 (2025)
Exports (% of GDP)Percent of GDPexports_GDP1870–202521.5 (2025)
Exports (USD)Millions of US dollarsexports_USD1823–2025869,935 (2025)
ImportsMillions of local currencyimports1823–202584,609,136 (2025)
Imports (% of GDP)Percent of GDPimports_GDP1870–202523.9 (2025)
Imports (USD)Millions of US dollarsimports_USD1823–2025970,666 (2025)
Current accountMillions of local currencyCA1948–2025-1,473,509 (2025)
Current account (% of GDP)Percent of GDPCA_GDP1948–2025-0.417 (2025)
USD exchange rateLocal currency per US dollarUSDfx1823–202587.2 (2025)
Real effective exchange rateIndex, 2015 = 100REER1879–202596.3 (2025)
Current account (USD)Millions of US dollarsCA_USD1948–2025-16,905 (2025)

Government finances

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Government expenditureMillions of local currencygovexp1870–2025100,600,000 (2025)
General government expenditureMillions of local currencygen_govexp1870–2025100,600,000 (2025)
General government expenditure (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govexp_GDP1861–202528.5 (2025)
Central government expenditureMillions of local currencycgovexp1948–201016,230,976 (2010)
Central government expenditure (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovexp_GDP1948–201021.3 (2010)
Government revenueMillions of local currencygovrev1870–202574,313,072 (2025)
General government revenueMillions of local currencygen_govrev1870–202574,313,072 (2025)
Central government revenueMillions of local currencycgovrev1948–201019,143,585 (2010)
General government revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govrev_GDP1861–202521.0 (2025)
Central government revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovrev_GDP1948–201025.1 (2010)
Government tax revenueMillions of local currencygovtax1948–20096,330,224 (2009)
Central government tax revenueMillions of local currencycgovtax1948–20096,330,224 (2009)
Central government tax revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovtax_GDP1948–20099.94 (2009)
Government deficit (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovdef_GDP1861–2025-7.44 (2025)
General government deficit (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govdef_GDP1861–2025-7.44 (2025)
General government deficitMillions of local currencygen_govdef1870–2025-26,299,981 (2025)
Central government deficit (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovdef_GDP1948–20103.82 (2010)
Central government deficitMillions of local currencycgovdef1948–20102,912,608 (2010)
Government debt (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovdebt_GDP1841–202584.1 (2025)
General government debt (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govdebt_GDP1861–202584.1 (2025)
General government debtMillions of local currencygen_govdebt1870–2025297,200,000 (2025)
Central government debt (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovdebt_GDP1841–202453.8 (2024)
Central government debtMillions of local currencycgovdebt1870–2024175,200,000 (2024)
Government debtMillions of local currencygovdebt1870–2025297,200,000 (2025)
Government deficitMillions of local currencygovdef1870–2025-26,299,981 (2025)
Government expenditure (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovexp_GDP1861–202528.5 (2025)
Government revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovrev_GDP1861–202521.0 (2025)
Government tax revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovtax_GDP1948–20099.94 (2009)

Money and interest rates

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Short-term interest ratePercentstrate1930–20255.78 (2025)
Long-term interest ratePercentltrate1934–20256.53 (2025)
Central bank policy ratePercentcbrate1925–20255.25 (2025)
M0 (monetary base)Millions of local currencyM01862–202540,654,876 (2025)
M1Millions of local currencyM11948–202573,660,168 (2025)
M2Millions of local currencyM21948–201059,304,500 (2010)
M3Millions of local currencyM31951–2025298,000,000 (2025)

Prices and labor markets

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
House price indexIndex, 2015 = 100HPI2009–2025157.8 (2025)
Real house price indexIndex, 2015 = 100rHPI2009–202599.6 (2025)
Consumer price indexIndex, 2015 = 100CPI1801–2025158.5 (2025)
InflationPercentinfl1801–20251.71 (2025)
PopulationMillions of peoplepop1800–20251,414 (2025)
Unemployment ratePercentunemp1994–20254.51 (2025)

Please cite: Müller, K., Xu, C., Lehbib, M., & Chen, Z. (2025). The Global Macro Database: A New International Macroeconomic Dataset. NBER Working Paper 33714. BibTeX →