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Netherlands

75 series · 1500–2025 · High income · Europe & Central Asia

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National accounts

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Nominal GDPMillions of local currencynGDP1807–20251,187,979 (2025)
Nominal GDP (USD)Millions of US dollarsnGDP_USD1807–20251,339,768 (2025)
Real GDPMillions of local currencyrGDP1800–2025847,047 (2025)
Real GDP per capitaConstant local currency per personrGDP_pc1800–202546,748 (2025)
Real GDP (USD)Millions of US dollarsrGDP_USD1800–2025939,185 (2025)
DeflatorIndex, 2015 = 100deflator1807–2025140.2 (2025)
Real GDP per capita (USD)US dollars per personrGDP_pc_USD1800–202551,833 (2025)

Consumption and investment

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Total consumptionMillions of local currencycons1807–2025811,020 (2025)
Total consumption (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcons_GDP1807–202568.3 (2025)
Total consumption (USD)Millions of US dollarscons_USD1807–2025914,644 (2025)
Household consumptionMillions of local currencyhcons1807–2025509,070 (2025)
Household consumption (% of GDP)Percent of GDPhcons_GDP1807–202542.9 (2025)
Household consumption (USD)Millions of US dollarshcons_USD1807–2025574,114 (2025)
Government consumptionMillions of local currencygcons1800–2025301,920 (2025)
Government consumption (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgcons_GDP1807–202525.4 (2025)
Government consumption (USD)Millions of US dollarsgcons_USD1800–2025340,497 (2025)
Gross capital formationMillions of local currencyinv1807–2025229,472 (2025)
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)Percent of GDPinv_GDP1807–202519.3 (2025)
Gross capital formation (USD)Millions of US dollarsinv_USD1807–2025258,792 (2025)
Gross fixed capital formationMillions of local currencyfinv1807–2025231,708 (2025)
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)Percent of GDPfinv_GDP1807–202519.5 (2025)
Gross fixed capital formation (USD)Millions of US dollarsfinv_USD1807–2025261,314 (2025)

External sector

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
ExportsMillions of local currencyexports1800–2025980,142 (2025)
Exports (% of GDP)Percent of GDPexports_GDP1807–202582.5 (2025)
Exports (USD)Millions of US dollarsexports_USD1800–20251,105,375 (2025)
ImportsMillions of local currencyimports1800–2025833,045 (2025)
Imports (% of GDP)Percent of GDPimports_GDP1807–202570.1 (2025)
Imports (USD)Millions of US dollarsimports_USD1800–2025939,483 (2025)
Current accountMillions of local currencyCA1870–202590,948 (2025)
Current account (% of GDP)Percent of GDPCA_GDP1870–20257.66 (2025)
USD exchange rateLocal currency per US dollarUSDfx1800–20250.887 (2025)
Real effective exchange rateIndex, 2015 = 100REER1870–2025111.4 (2025)
Current account (USD)Millions of US dollarsCA_USD1870–2025102,569 (2025)

Government finances

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Government expenditureMillions of local currencygovexp1815–2025521,987 (2025)
General government expenditureMillions of local currencygen_govexp1880–2025521,987 (2025)
General government expenditure (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govexp_GDP1880–202543.9 (2025)
Central government expenditureMillions of local currencycgovexp1815–2025354,018 (2025)
Central government expenditure (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovexp_GDP1815–202529.8 (2025)
Government revenueMillions of local currencygovrev1807–2025514,395 (2025)
General government revenueMillions of local currencygen_govrev1855–2025514,395 (2025)
Central government revenueMillions of local currencycgovrev1807–2025329,070 (2025)
General government revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govrev_GDP1855–202543.3 (2025)
Central government revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovrev_GDP1807–202527.7 (2025)
Government tax revenueMillions of local currencygovtax1807–2025464,102 (2025)
General government tax revenueMillions of local currencygen_govtax1980–2025464,102 (2025)
Central government tax revenueMillions of local currencycgovtax1807–2024288,616 (2024)
General government tax revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govtax_GDP1980–202539.1 (2025)
Central government tax revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovtax_GDP1807–202425.5 (2024)
Government deficit (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovdef_GDP1815–2025-1.60 (2025)
General government deficit (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govdef_GDP1880–2025-1.60 (2025)
General government deficitMillions of local currencygen_govdef1880–2025-19,008 (2025)
Central government deficit (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovdef_GDP1815–2025-2.10 (2025)
Central government deficitMillions of local currencycgovdef1815–2025-24,948 (2025)
Government debt (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovdebt_GDP1814–202544.4 (2025)
General government debt (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govdebt_GDP1814–202544.4 (2025)
General government debtMillions of local currencygen_govdebt1815–2025527,323 (2025)
Central government debt (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovdebt_GDP1880–199759.4 (1997)
Central government debtMillions of local currencycgovdebt1880–1997219,707 (1997)
Government debtMillions of local currencygovdebt1815–2025527,323 (2025)
Government deficitMillions of local currencygovdef1815–2025-19,008 (2025)
Government expenditure (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovexp_GDP1815–202543.9 (2025)
Government revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovrev_GDP1807–202543.3 (2025)
Government tax revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovtax_GDP1807–202539.1 (2025)

Money and interest rates

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Short-term interest ratePercentstrate1815–20252.18 (2025)
Long-term interest ratePercentltrate1814–20252.80 (2025)
Central bank policy ratePercentcbrate1814–20243.56 (2024)
M0 (monetary base)Millions of local currencyM01815–201044,595 (2010)
M1Millions of local currencyM11870–2020512,799 (2020)
M2Millions of local currencyM21870–2020974,276 (2020)

Prices and labor markets

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
House price indexIndex, 2015 = 100HPI1628–2025215.6 (2025)
Real house price indexIndex, 2015 = 100rHPI1628–2025160.3 (2025)
Consumer price indexIndex, 2015 = 100CPI1500–2025134.5 (2025)
InflationPercentinfl1500–20253.20 (2025)
PopulationMillions of peoplepop1500–202518.1 (2025)
Unemployment ratePercentunemp1870–20253.88 (2025)

Please cite: Müller, K., Xu, C., Lehbib, M., & Chen, Z. (2025). The Global Macro Database: A New International Macroeconomic Dataset. NBER Working Paper 33714. BibTeX →