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Pakistan

74 series · 1800–2025 · Lower middle income · South Asia

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National accounts

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Nominal GDPMillions of local currencynGDP1949–2025114,200,000 (2025)
Nominal GDP (USD)Millions of US dollarsnGDP_USD1950–2025406,165 (2025)
Real GDPMillions of local currencyrGDP1949–202543,214,244 (2025)
Real GDP per capitaConstant local currency per personrGDP_pc1949–2025171,421 (2025)
Real GDP (USD)Millions of US dollarsrGDP_USD1949–2025420,489 (2025)
DeflatorIndex, 2015 = 100deflator1949–2025264.2 (2025)
Real GDP per capita (USD)US dollars per personrGDP_pc_USD1949–20251,668 (2025)

Consumption and investment

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Total consumptionMillions of local currencycons1950–2025106,400,000 (2025)
Total consumption (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcons_GDP1950–202593.2 (2025)
Total consumption (USD)Millions of US dollarscons_USD1950–2025378,367 (2025)
Household consumptionMillions of local currencyhcons1950–202596,072,392 (2025)
Household consumption (% of GDP)Percent of GDPhcons_GDP1950–202584.1 (2025)
Household consumption (USD)Millions of US dollarshcons_USD1950–2025341,721 (2025)
Government consumptionMillions of local currencygcons1950–202510,213,767 (2025)
Government consumption (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgcons_GDP1950–20258.94 (2025)
Government consumption (USD)Millions of US dollarsgcons_USD1950–202536,329 (2025)
Gross capital formationMillions of local currencyinv1950–202516,027,845 (2025)
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)Percent of GDPinv_GDP1950–202514.0 (2025)
Gross capital formation (USD)Millions of US dollarsinv_USD1950–202557,010 (2025)
Gross fixed capital formationMillions of local currencyfinv1959–202514,341,453 (2025)
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)Percent of GDPfinv_GDP1959–202512.6 (2025)
Gross fixed capital formation (USD)Millions of US dollarsfinv_USD1959–202551,011 (2025)

External sector

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
ExportsMillions of local currencyexports1948–202511,423,343 (2025)
Exports (% of GDP)Percent of GDPexports_GDP1949–202510.0 (2025)
Exports (USD)Millions of US dollarsexports_USD1950–202540,632 (2025)
ImportsMillions of local currencyimports1948–202518,993,502 (2025)
Imports (% of GDP)Percent of GDPimports_GDP1949–202516.6 (2025)
Imports (USD)Millions of US dollarsimports_USD1950–202567,558 (2025)
Current accountMillions of local currencyCA1950–2025-125,598 (2025)
Current account (% of GDP)Percent of GDPCA_GDP1950–2025-0.11 (2025)
USD exchange rateLocal currency per US dollarUSDfx1950–2025281.1 (2025)
Real effective exchange rateIndex, 2015 = 100REER1960–202587.9 (2025)
Current account (USD)Millions of US dollarsCA_USD1950–2025-446.7 (2025)

Government finances

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Government expenditureMillions of local currencygovexp1950–202524,219,812 (2025)
General government expenditureMillions of local currencygen_govexp1950–202524,219,812 (2025)
General government expenditure (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govexp_GDP1950–202521.2 (2025)
Central government expenditureMillions of local currencycgovexp1950–20106,032,272 (2010)
Central government expenditure (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovexp_GDP1950–201036.5 (2010)
Government revenueMillions of local currencygovrev1950–202518,086,942 (2025)
General government revenueMillions of local currencygen_govrev1950–202518,086,942 (2025)
Central government revenueMillions of local currencycgovrev1950–20104,455,566 (2010)
General government revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govrev_GDP1950–202515.8 (2025)
Central government revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovrev_GDP1950–201027.0 (2010)
Government tax revenueMillions of local currencygovtax1950–202512,751,435 (2025)
General government tax revenueMillions of local currencygen_govtax2000–202512,751,435 (2025)
Central government tax revenueMillions of local currencycgovtax1950–2007603,099 (2007)
General government tax revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govtax_GDP2000–202511.2 (2025)
Central government tax revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovtax_GDP1950–20075.40 (2007)
Government deficit (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovdef_GDP1950–2025-5.37 (2025)
General government deficit (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govdef_GDP1950–2025-5.37 (2025)
General government deficitMillions of local currencygen_govdef1950–2025-6,132,870 (2025)
Central government deficit (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovdef_GDP1950–2010-9.55 (2010)
Central government deficitMillions of local currencycgovdef1950–2010-1,576,707 (2010)
Government debt (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovdebt_GDP1951–202572.8 (2025)
General government debt (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govdebt_GDP1951–202572.8 (2025)
General government debtMillions of local currencygen_govdebt1951–202583,169,296 (2025)
Central government debt (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovdebt_GDP1951–202470.1 (2024)
Central government debtMillions of local currencycgovdebt1951–202474,007,050 (2024)
Government debtMillions of local currencygovdebt1951–202583,169,296 (2025)
Government deficitMillions of local currencygovdef1950–2025-6,132,870 (2025)
Government expenditure (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovexp_GDP1950–202521.2 (2025)
Government revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovrev_GDP1950–202515.8 (2025)
Government tax revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovtax_GDP1950–202511.2 (2025)

Money and interest rates

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Short-term interest ratePercentstrate1949–20217.59 (2021)
Long-term interest ratePercentltrate1948–20218.83 (2021)
Central bank policy ratePercentcbrate1948–202110.8 (2021)
M0 (monetary base)Millions of local currencyM01948–202513,419,243 (2025)
M1Millions of local currencyM11948–202536,026,516 (2025)
M2Millions of local currencyM21948–202541,490,812 (2025)
M3Millions of local currencyM32001–202546,526,668 (2025)

Prices and labor markets

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Consumer price indexIndex, 2015 = 100CPI1948–2025275.7 (2025)
InflationPercentinfl1949–20254.49 (2025)
PopulationMillions of peoplepop1800–2025252.1 (2025)
Unemployment ratePercentunemp1971–20257.10 (2025)

Please cite: Müller, K., Xu, C., Lehbib, M., & Chen, Z. (2025). The Global Macro Database: A New International Macroeconomic Dataset. NBER Working Paper 33714. BibTeX →