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Madagascar

71 series · 1800–2025 · Low income · Sub-Saharan Africa

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National accounts

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Nominal GDPMillions of local currencynGDP1901–202588,006,312 (2025)
Nominal GDP (USD)Millions of US dollarsnGDP_USD1950–202519,429 (2025)
Real GDPMillions of local currencyrGDP1950–202543,845,496 (2025)
Real GDP per capitaConstant local currency per personrGDP_pc1950–20251,339,175 (2025)
Real GDP (USD)Millions of US dollarsrGDP_USD1950–202514,946 (2025)
DeflatorIndex, 2015 = 100deflator1950–2025200.7 (2025)
Real GDP per capita (USD)US dollars per personrGDP_pc_USD1950–2025456.5 (2025)

Consumption and investment

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Total consumptionMillions of local currencycons1960–202576,177,656 (2025)
Total consumption (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcons_GDP1960–202586.6 (2025)
Total consumption (USD)Millions of US dollarscons_USD1960–202516,817 (2025)
Household consumptionMillions of local currencyhcons1960–202562,834,596 (2025)
Household consumption (% of GDP)Percent of GDPhcons_GDP1960–202571.4 (2025)
Household consumption (USD)Millions of US dollarshcons_USD1960–202513,872 (2025)
Government consumptionMillions of local currencygcons1960–202513,323,263 (2025)
Government consumption (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgcons_GDP1960–202515.1 (2025)
Government consumption (USD)Millions of US dollarsgcons_USD1960–20252,941 (2025)
Gross capital formationMillions of local currencyinv1960–202520,397,512 (2025)
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)Percent of GDPinv_GDP1960–202523.2 (2025)
Gross capital formation (USD)Millions of US dollarsinv_USD1960–20254,503 (2025)
Gross fixed capital formationMillions of local currencyfinv1960–202520,474,064 (2025)
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)Percent of GDPfinv_GDP1960–202523.3 (2025)
Gross fixed capital formation (USD)Millions of US dollarsfinv_USD1960–20254,520 (2025)

External sector

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
ExportsMillions of local currencyexports1892–202518,475,202 (2025)
Exports (% of GDP)Percent of GDPexports_GDP1901–202521.0 (2025)
Exports (USD)Millions of US dollarsexports_USD1950–20254,079 (2025)
ImportsMillions of local currencyimports1892–202527,075,888 (2025)
Imports (% of GDP)Percent of GDPimports_GDP1901–202530.8 (2025)
Imports (USD)Millions of US dollarsimports_USD1950–20255,977 (2025)
Current accountMillions of local currencyCA1974–2025-5,096,669 (2025)
Current account (% of GDP)Percent of GDPCA_GDP1974–2025-5.79 (2025)
USD exchange rateLocal currency per US dollarUSDfx1950–20254,530 (2025)
Real effective exchange rateIndex, 2015 = 100REER1964–202398.2 (2023)
Current account (USD)Millions of US dollarsCA_USD1974–2025-1,125 (2025)

Government finances

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Government expenditureMillions of local currencygovexp1950–202511,903,446 (2025)
General government expenditureMillions of local currencygen_govexp1980–202511,903,446 (2025)
General government expenditure (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govexp_GDP1980–202513.5 (2025)
Central government expenditureMillions of local currencycgovexp1950–202515,521,934 (2025)
Central government expenditure (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovexp_GDP1950–202517.6 (2025)
Government revenueMillions of local currencygovrev1950–20259,961,801 (2025)
General government revenueMillions of local currencygen_govrev1980–20259,961,801 (2025)
Central government revenueMillions of local currencycgovrev1950–202511,311,772 (2025)
General government revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govrev_GDP1980–202511.3 (2025)
Central government revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovrev_GDP1950–202512.9 (2025)
Government tax revenueMillions of local currencygovtax1972–20227,066,357 (2022)
Central government tax revenueMillions of local currencycgovtax1972–20227,066,357 (2022)
Central government tax revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovtax_GDP1972–202211.3 (2022)
Government deficit (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovdef_GDP1950–2025-2.21 (2025)
General government deficit (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govdef_GDP1980–2025-2.21 (2025)
General government deficitMillions of local currencygen_govdef1980–2025-1,941,646 (2025)
Central government deficit (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovdef_GDP1950–2025-4.10 (2025)
Central government deficitMillions of local currencycgovdef1950–2025-3,606,639 (2025)
Government debt (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovdebt_GDP1970–202548.7 (2025)
General government debt (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govdebt_GDP1971–202548.7 (2025)
General government debtMillions of local currencygen_govdebt1971–202542,889,511 (2025)
Central government debt (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovdebt_GDP1970–202450.4 (2024)
Central government debtMillions of local currencycgovdebt1970–202439,739,745 (2024)
Government debtMillions of local currencygovdebt1970–202542,889,511 (2025)
Government deficitMillions of local currencygovdef1950–2025-1,941,646 (2025)
Government expenditure (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovexp_GDP1950–202513.5 (2025)
Government revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovrev_GDP1950–202511.3 (2025)
Government tax revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovtax_GDP1972–202211.3 (2022)

Money and interest rates

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Short-term interest ratePercentstrate1990–202511.3 (2025)
Central bank policy ratePercentcbrate1989–20199.50 (2019)
M0 (monetary base)Millions of local currencyM01926–202211,057,000 (2022)
M1Millions of local currencyM11962–202211,057,000 (2022)
M2Millions of local currencyM21962–202218,114,900 (2022)
M3Millions of local currencyM32006–202421,723,480 (2024)

Prices and labor markets

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Consumer price indexIndex, 2015 = 100CPI1901–2025201.2 (2025)
InflationPercentinfl1939–20258.05 (2025)
PopulationMillions of peoplepop1800–202532.7 (2025)
Unemployment ratePercentunemp2000–20223.19 (2022)

Please cite: Müller, K., Xu, C., Lehbib, M., & Chen, Z. (2025). The Global Macro Database: A New International Macroeconomic Dataset. NBER Working Paper 33714. BibTeX →