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Consumption and investment Variable Code Coverage Latest Total consumption Millions of local currency cons1970–2024 18,060 (2024) Total consumption (% of GDP) Percent of GDP cons_GDP1970–2024 75.6 (2024) Total consumption (USD) Millions of US dollars cons_USD1970–2024 2,620 (2024) Household consumption Millions of local currency hcons1970–2024 7,923 (2024) Household consumption (% of GDP) Percent of GDP hcons_GDP1970–2024 33.2 (2024) Household consumption (USD) Millions of US dollars hcons_USD1970–2024 1,149 (2024) Government consumption Millions of local currency gcons1970–2024 10,137 (2024) Government consumption (% of GDP) Percent of GDP gcons_GDP1970–2024 42.4 (2024) Government consumption (USD) Millions of US dollars gcons_USD1970–2024 1,470 (2024) Gross capital formation Millions of local currency inv1970–2024 8,838 (2024) Gross capital formation (% of GDP) Percent of GDP inv_GDP1970–2024 37.0 (2024) Gross capital formation (USD) Millions of US dollars inv_USD1970–2024 1,282 (2024) Gross fixed capital formation Millions of local currency finv1970–2024 8,607 (2024) Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) Percent of GDP finv_GDP1970–2024 36.0 (2024) Gross fixed capital formation (USD) Millions of US dollars finv_USD1970–2024 1,248 (2024)
External sector Variable Code Coverage Latest Exports Millions of local currency exports1970–2024 9,213 (2024) Exports (% of GDP) Percent of GDP exports_GDP1970–2024 38.5 (2024) Exports (USD) Millions of US dollars exports_USD1970–2024 1,336 (2024) Imports Millions of local currency imports1970–2024 12,212 (2024) Imports (% of GDP) Percent of GDP imports_GDP1970–2024 51.1 (2024) Imports (USD) Millions of US dollars imports_USD1970–2024 1,771 (2024) USD exchange rate Local currency per US dollar USDfx1950–2025 6.62 (2025)
Please cite: Müller, K., Xu, C., Lehbib, M., & Chen, Z. (2025). The Global Macro Database: A New International Macroeconomic Dataset. NBER Working Paper 33714. BibTeX →