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Egypt

73 series · 1800–2025 · Lower middle income · Middle East & North Africa

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National accounts

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Nominal GDPMillions of local currencynGDP1886–202518,136,390 (2025)
Nominal GDP (USD)Millions of US dollarsnGDP_USD1950–2025368,418 (2025)
Real GDPMillions of local currencyrGDP1894–20253,734,988 (2025)
Real GDP per capitaConstant local currency per personrGDP_pc1894–202531,555 (2025)
Real GDP (USD)Millions of US dollarsrGDP_USD1894–2025485,606 (2025)
DeflatorIndex, 2015 = 100deflator1894–2025485.6 (2025)
Real GDP per capita (USD)US dollars per personrGDP_pc_USD1894–20254,103 (2025)

Consumption and investment

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Total consumptionMillions of local currencycons1950–202517,919,200 (2025)
Total consumption (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcons_GDP1950–202598.8 (2025)
Total consumption (USD)Millions of US dollarscons_USD1950–2025364,006 (2025)
Household consumptionMillions of local currencyhcons1950–202516,931,600 (2025)
Household consumption (% of GDP)Percent of GDPhcons_GDP1950–202593.4 (2025)
Household consumption (USD)Millions of US dollarshcons_USD1950–2025343,944 (2025)
Government consumptionMillions of local currencygcons1950–2025987,600 (2025)
Government consumption (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgcons_GDP1950–20255.45 (2025)
Government consumption (USD)Millions of US dollarsgcons_USD1950–202520,062 (2025)
Gross capital formationMillions of local currencyinv1950–20252,521,828 (2025)
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)Percent of GDPinv_GDP1950–202513.9 (2025)
Gross capital formation (USD)Millions of US dollarsinv_USD1950–202551,228 (2025)
Gross fixed capital formationMillions of local currencyfinv1952–20252,358,562 (2025)
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)Percent of GDPfinv_GDP1952–202513.0 (2025)
Gross fixed capital formation (USD)Millions of US dollarsfinv_USD1952–202547,911 (2025)

External sector

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
ExportsMillions of local currencyexports1841–20253,594,600 (2025)
Exports (% of GDP)Percent of GDPexports_GDP1886–202519.8 (2025)
Exports (USD)Millions of US dollarsexports_USD1950–202573,020 (2025)
ImportsMillions of local currencyimports1845–20255,715,500 (2025)
Imports (% of GDP)Percent of GDPimports_GDP1886–202531.5 (2025)
Imports (USD)Millions of US dollarsimports_USD1950–2025116,103 (2025)
Current accountMillions of local currencyCA1970–2025-691,990 (2025)
Current account (% of GDP)Percent of GDPCA_GDP1970–2025-3.82 (2025)
USD exchange rateLocal currency per US dollarUSDfx1950–202549.2 (2025)
Real effective exchange rateIndex, 2015 = 100REER1960–202372.0 (2023)
Current account (USD)Millions of US dollarsCA_USD1970–2025-14,057 (2025)

Government finances

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Government expenditureMillions of local currencygovexp1951–20254,325,072 (2025)
General government expenditureMillions of local currencygen_govexp1999–20254,325,072 (2025)
General government expenditure (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govexp_GDP1999–202523.8 (2025)
Central government expenditureMillions of local currencycgovexp1951–20254,835,358 (2025)
Central government expenditure (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovexp_GDP1951–202526.7 (2025)
Government revenueMillions of local currencygovrev1951–20253,060,706 (2025)
General government revenueMillions of local currencygen_govrev1999–20253,060,706 (2025)
Central government revenueMillions of local currencycgovrev1951–20253,511,873 (2025)
General government revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govrev_GDP1999–202516.9 (2025)
Central government revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovrev_GDP1951–202519.4 (2025)
Government tax revenueMillions of local currencygovtax2002–2020781,901 (2020)
General government tax revenueMillions of local currencygen_govtax2002–2020781,901 (2020)
Central government tax revenueMillions of local currencycgovtax2002–2011182,666 (2011)
General government tax revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govtax_GDP2002–202012.7 (2020)
Central government tax revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovtax_GDP2002–201113.3 (2011)
Government deficit (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovdef_GDP1951–2025-6.55 (2025)
General government deficit (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govdef_GDP1999–2025-6.55 (2025)
General government deficitMillions of local currencygen_govdef1999–2025-1,188,832 (2025)
Central government deficit (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovdef_GDP1951–2025-7.30 (2025)
Central government deficitMillions of local currencycgovdef1951–2025-1,323,484 (2025)
Government debt (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovdebt_GDP1862–202586.8 (2025)
General government debt (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgen_govdebt_GDP1929–202586.8 (2025)
General government debtMillions of local currencygen_govdebt1929–202515,748,372 (2025)
Central government debt (% of GDP)Percent of GDPcgovdebt_GDP1862–201077.6 (2010)
Central government debtMillions of local currencycgovdebt1886–2010936,523 (2010)
Government debtMillions of local currencygovdebt1886–202515,748,372 (2025)
Government deficitMillions of local currencygovdef1951–2025-1,188,832 (2025)
Government expenditure (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovexp_GDP1951–202523.8 (2025)
Government revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovrev_GDP1951–202516.9 (2025)
Government tax revenue (% of GDP)Percent of GDPgovtax_GDP2002–202012.7 (2020)

Money and interest rates

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Short-term interest ratePercentstrate1976–202427.7 (2024)
Central bank policy ratePercentcbrate1952–202427.8 (2024)
M0 (monetary base)Millions of local currencyM01901–2010153,209 (2010)
M1Millions of local currencyM11950–2010223,456 (2010)
M2Millions of local currencyM21952–2010973,962 (2010)
M3Millions of local currencyM32004–202514,027,762 (2025)

Prices and labor markets

VariableCodeCoverageLatest
Consumer price indexIndex, 2015 = 100CPI1860–2025453.9 (2025)
InflationPercentinfl1860–202514.1 (2025)
PopulationMillions of peoplepop1800–2025118.4 (2025)
Unemployment ratePercentunemp1970–20257.33 (2025)

Please cite: Müller, K., Xu, C., Lehbib, M., & Chen, Z. (2025). The Global Macro Database: A New International Macroeconomic Dataset. NBER Working Paper 33714. BibTeX →